Logic and Reason
Terms in Logic and Reason
A
Ad Hominem (Latin for "against the man") is a logical fallacy in which someone rejects his or her opponent's argument on the basis of that person's personal characteristics (appearance, age, birthplace and etc.) ET: I don't...
Anchoring effect - relying too much on initial information when it comes to making a decision.
Appeal to Authority (Ad Verecundiam) is a fallacy in which a person claims that a statement is true because a certain important (or not very important) person says so. Adam: The thing is, 99% of people do not agree with you and...
Appeal to Emotion (pity, affection) is a logical fallacy in which a person tries to win the argument by manipulating his or her opponent's emotions. Adam: The thing is, 99% of people do not agree with you and understand the importance of...
Appeal to Ignorance (Argumentum ad Ignorantiam) is a logical fallacy in which a person claims that a statement is true if it can't be proven false, or a statement is false if it can't be proven true. Adam: Have you ever seen any studies...
Appeal to Popularity (Bandwagon Fallacy) is a fallacy in which a person claims that a statement is true since a significant number of people believe it is true. Adam: The thing is, 99% of people do not agree with you and understand the...
Appeal to Tradition (Argumentum ad Antiquitatem) is a logical fallacy in which a person claims that a statement is true because it is correlated with a certain tradition, past or present. Adam: The thing is, 99% of people do not agree...
Dialogue #1 Ad Hominem (Latin for "against the man") is a fallacy in which someone rejects his or her opponent's argument on the basis of that person's personal characteristics (appearance, age, birthplace and etc.) ET: I...
Availability heuristic - relying too much on available data disregarding other pieces of information when it comes to making a decision.
B
Belief bias occurs when someone bases the validity of an argument on a conclusion without assessing what was stated before the conclusion.
Bias blind spot - viewing oneself as less biased than other people.
C
Causal Fallacy is a logical fallacy in which a person presents an incorrect cause. Stan: I think one of the reasons why my project is failing is that I started it in the summer. Everytime I start doing something serious in the summer I...